Sunday, November 25, 2012

Week of 11/26-12/2 (5th Post of the 2nd 9 Wks)

Welcome back, my History Minions!

To what extent did political parties contribute to the development of national unity in the United States between 1790 and 1840 ?

First of all, you will need to determine just how unified the nation was, and just how much political parties helped (or hindered) that unity. 

Note the dates, because the nation moved past the Federalist-AntiFederalist debate over ratification of the Constitution.  And again, despite President Washington's admonishments to eschew factions, political parties emerged: Federalists, Democratic-Republicans (who became Republicans), Whigs, and Jacksonian Democrats.  There were others with less national appeal and historic impact, too.

When you answer, be sure to give SPECIFIC examples.  Give events, people, and/or eras to support your opinion.  :)

Here are some things to consider:
  • Debate over the National Bank
  • Marbury v. Madison
  • Alien & Sedition Acts
  • Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
  • Citizen Genet Affair
  • Louisiana Purchase
  • War of 1812
  • Hartford Convention
  • Henry Clay's American System
  • Second Bank of the United States
  • Era of Good Feelings
  • Market Revolution
  • Spoils System

113 comments:

  1. Political Parties contribute to the development of national unity. Since the constitution granted a compromise to have two parties it created a unity for the two. It gave people the right to express theirs opinions and views. Election had two candidates from different parties showing the people that everyone's vote and side. George Washington's Farewell Address recomeded that the people should to stay away from factions and be united. Since Washington was seen as such a great model and leader to the people, they followed as asked. later came to the Era of Good Feeling, which was a period which the U.S. showed how the people had national pupose and desire to unity.

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    1. Great Comment! :) Also The Era of Good Feelings was an era in political history that caused a desire of unity after the Napoleonic wars. During the era the Federalist Party died out and President James Monroe was elected. His goal was to get rid of political parties all together and put unity in the country. He did this with the Great Goodwill Tour in which he traveled the country appealing to the people.

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  2. During the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions the nation was going through the firm grip of the Federalists taking out free speech and free press.They had pushed it to a new extreme the alien and sedition acts.These acts cause a broil between the Jeffersonian's and Federalists.The Jeffersonian ( democratic-republicans) did not want the alien and sedition act they believed it was wiping out precious constitutional guarantees so Jefferson wrote a series of solutions which the Kentucky legislature approved in 1789 and 1799.Also following his step with a much similar resolution plan James Madison for Virginia which also got passed in 1798. the democratic-republicans brought the practice to nullify unconstitutional legislation to the supreme court but also the ultimate power for the southerners to use later in the secession with theses resolutions.Even though the writers of the resolution did not mean to break up the union they did avoid and one party dictatorship by putting up an opponent for the presidential campaign

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  3. Political parties didn’t contribute much to national unity during 1790-1840; the only time that the US was united would be during the Era of Good Feelings. Because of the French Revolution the political parties we had, Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, were divided to see who supported or opposed it. I think that political parties hurt the development of national unity because they divided the country by Northern and Southern ideas or views and each thought one party was better than the rest. Also, the country was divided between the South and West supporting the Republicans, and the Federalists who lost their power when the US won the war.

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    1. Since there was political parties we created such unity. George washington faced the fact that yes, we will have different views and opinions therefore there will always have different political parties. These parties showed two sides but George Washington warned the people of factions. The people started to realize it was true. The Constitution later granted to have two candidates in each oppossing side in the running these eased the conflict between the two and then we became creating a unity but it was because of the conflict theses parties created that we started to become united and that we desired it.

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    2. You're right but not ALL political parties divided the nation. The whigs, anti-mason, and working men party helped bring people together. For example, the people that came together to halt Jackson from getting rid of the Second Bank of the US.

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    3. I agree with you Seleste, during discussion in class the Era of Good feelings is known to be the only united moment for the colonies. The division between north and south is a good way to show how different views and political parties brought the nation further apart rather than closer.

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    4. I agree with seleste. The point George Washington was trying to get across was that the WHOLE county should be united. Not 2 different sides. Even now, it is split into republican & Democratic.

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  4. Federalist opposition to Republican foreign policy was nothing new by the time,"The War of 1812"was declared.It was fought between Britain and the United States largely over the issues of trade and of the government service.British attempted to restrict U.S. trade,United States suffered many costly defeats,including the capture and burning of the capital, in August 1814. Though the war ended in the result of a draw, it demonstrated America's willing to defend its interests militarily, earning the young nation new-found respect from European powers. Many colonist noticed the the war as ,"second war of independence,." The nation was not unified because of the negativity in some parties.Like the Federalists that were cast as unpatriotic because of all the believing that the war could not be won(hindered the nation).Washington and Adam,the party that had dominated national affairs during the 1790s, and had persisted as a powerful minority during fifteen years of Republican rule, was all but dead.(It helped because of the support to the nation).

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    1. But what of the Era of Good Feelings? It came after the War of 1812 and it was a period of time that the nation was unified.

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  5. Wow, I am impressed with the quality of our opening comments! Way to go, Minions!

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  6. The political parties existent from 1790 to 1840 greatly hindered the unity of the new nation, the United States. I believe this to be so because every political faction has differentiating views from the next party. Following the termination of Washington's presidency, the nation quickly began to separate because its people distinguished themselves as a part of new arising political parties, even after Washington warned the nation to avoid the creation of political factions. One good example of the hindrance of unity in the nation was the debate over the National Bank. Federalists and Democratic-Republicans had contrasting views on the legitimacy of the National Bank. Federalists wanted to create a central bank that could provide a secure depository for federal revenue. However, Democratic-Republicans wanted to have control over their own money locally and feared that their would be corruption within the National Bank. Many people easily took sides on this debate and argued over what would be the better solution, bank or no bank.

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    1. I agree with your point because of the extent to which political parties had hindered the unity of the Nation. The National Bank was thought out as a great idea by some and seen as an easily corrupted idea by others such as the Democratic-Republicans. While there was the different views of the parties one thing was the same for all parties they viewed the other parties as being wrong.

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  7. Political parties made people feel like they were connected to the candidate. This is called the log cabin campaigns, this was first used with the Jackson campaign. The idea of the campaign was to show that Jackson was a self made man and was worthy of being president. This attracted more people to vote for him. With this campaign people would come in as one to vote for him. Some people had the same beliefs as others and this brought them together to form groups. Some examples are whigs, anti-masons, and working men parties. The whigs believed in a self-man made that were able to create names for themselves and not from privileged families. the Anti-Masons were against the freeman society. The working men party wanted to secure a just balance of power between all of the different classes. They campaigned for eliminating banks and wanted fair taxes for everyone.The unity between american people and their political parties led to the forming of other groups in the future. In the Depression around 1836 many people joined together and said that the democrats caused alot of bad economical times. They were able to derriere Jackson from getting rid of the Second Bank of America, because they united together. Political Parties aided in the unity of America between 1790 and 1840 in many ways. They used the log cabin campaign to help with the presidencies, and united people under similar beliefs and accomplished many goals that people had.

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  8. I don't believe political parties contributed to unity within the colonies. The different views caused many conflicts among the colonies and government. As seen in George Washington's farewell address factions brought the colonist apart. He warned future politicians of the harm these political parties could bring.

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    1. I agree with you Camelia, it also talks about it in the Federalist No. 10 how factions would separate the country into two..

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    2. I fully i agree with both of you. In Jacksons farewell adress it clearly states to beware of the government over abusing its authority and opressing the working classes with unecessary taxes. In this document Jackson clearly states that the wealthy class is trying to get more money by allowing politicians to mislead their citizens into accepting taxes. Here we see our society split up into factions. In this case the underclasses wouldve highly been affected. Every document ive read lately showes the great fear educated men have towards factions and if they did it really means that factions would make the union crumble sepearating it into political parties, geographical factions or class factions either way these would not look for the good of the union. Instead theyd focus on themselves.

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    3. i agree with you camelia that brought problems more than unity but they did have specific contributions like getting the constitution to pass

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    4. i agree with you camelia, the warnings we recieved were a wake up call to the country all the conflicts we had with government was just a way for the country to join together.

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    5. I agree, the parties did hinder the unity of the US but it was most certainly affected. For example, the Whig Party founded in 1833 during the era of Jacksonian democracy actually triggered unity and the Louisiana Purchase triggered tension between the Federalists and
      Democrats.

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    6. I agree with the fact that the political parties only divided the nation further. The only time of unity any time near was the "Era of Good Feelings" when the Federalist party disbanded and the Democratic Republicans were in power, which then ended in 1825.

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  9. Because of the struggle over ratification of the federal Constitution of 1787, political parties began to form. They represented the different views and perceptions the now divided nation held (mainly the federalists and republicans). Tension rose questioning just how much power the new Federal government would have. The dividing parties obviously had different methods as to how they ran their ideal government. The "Spoils System" mainly used by democrat Andrew Jackson, exhibited an apparent clash in ideas. They based it on political connections, rather than actual
    qualifications. In reality the political parties hindered the unity of the U.S.

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    1. I agree, political parties did nothing ti benefit unity of the nation. In fact factions were warned to seperate the cou.try into two.

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    2. I agree with you both. Factions werethought to be very dangerous to our nation, said G.Washington, A.Jackson, and more of our past leaders. it seems as if we couldn't steer clear of them

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    3. I agree because every political party represented the wants of different sets of people white separated the United States.

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  10. Henry Clay's American System helped create a form of national unity to good extent. Henry Clay imposed the American System to improve the structure of the U.S. The system consisted of three parts, the Tariff of 1816, the establishment of the Second Bank of the United States in 1816, and the internal improvements to connect the country through a system of roads and canals.

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    1. I agree with your point, also Henry Clay was a strong Nationalist from Kentucky considered to be a spokesmen for the “west”.

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    2. I think there is just different ways you can look at this. This doesn't necessarily mean that political parties helped the unity. If anything, couldn't this have weakened or caused more tension/disunity in the nation during the time period given? More tariffs were burden on the people. These changes also caused conflicts that then involved political parties and so on.

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    3. I agree with you Joceline. Thanks to those canals being built, there was increased manufacturing, thus giving the United Sates more power and prestige. That prompted the citizens to be more united.

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  11. Between 1790 and 1840, political parties did nothing to help unify the country. Though the constitution had already been decided ok, the parties still couldn’t come to terms on views. The Whig party continued to play in favor of the upper class. Their pro tariff beliefs placed a strain on the lower classes. When Hamilton got the whiskey tax approved, the lower classes took it as a personal offense since whiskey was more of the lower class main drink. The protective tariff’s put in place, also by Hamilton, placed a greater financial burden on those a part of the democrat-republicans. The parties couldn’t create unity for the country, just like they couldn’t keep it in their own party. Even Harrison was run over by a few in his own party when elected. The differences continued to push the nation farther and farther apart.

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    1. yeah the politcal parties couldn't come to terms on anything especially if it had anything to do with the economy.The arguments over raising tariffs to help the industrial of the north really brought a divison rather than a unitiy

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    2. As you have seen Hamilton was a Federalists an they supported the higher class believing that they should be the ones to govern and the forms of income should be industry,and manufacturing. This thus, explains his reason for pasing the Whiskey Tax which was fortunatly hindered by the Whiskey Rebellion. This was a huge blow to the Democratic-Republicans who supported the lower class; and agriculture and farming as the forms of income.

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  12. Minions: Please note the dates! I have deleted several posts that simply discuss the Federalists and Antifederalists. These groups debated ratification of the Constitution. Because the prompt uses the year 1790, NO ONE should be discussing the Federalist/Antifederalist debate.

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  13. Political parties were a bid thing around this time. With their role model and president, George Washington, he told the his country that political parties split the country that we tried so hard to unify. Why break all that hard work? In the Federalist No. 10, he says how factions would harm our country by separating our country into two. This was also called Regionalism.

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    1. also it talked about how you could destroy the factions but there were obviously problems.

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    2. That is very true but eventually the parties would have to come to an agreement for the nation.

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    3. Yes, George Washington also mentioned this in his farewell address. It was crucial for the country to stay unified to keep all rights that they have fought so hard to gain, and factions were a threat to this unity.

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    4. not only were political parties a bid thing, they were also a big thing. i also agree that george washington wanted us to stay away from factions because they would be the main thing that would tear this nation apart.

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  14. The national bank setup in the 1800s was unconstitutional here we saw the U.S split up into factions based on class. The merchants and the investors benefited way more from it than the agriculture and lower working class. Hamilton thought it was a way to control national credit and handle finances as a whole but like its stated in Jacksons farewell adress it was a monopoly and the bank opressed its lower working class. He sates how the lower class doesnt know how to act against the bank as a whole although they are the majority in the US population. He warned the citizens to beware of monopolies or theyd loose their influence in government. He obviously disliked the national bank and thought it would create a great, unfair, disunity.

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    1. I agree with you Elizabeth all these documents speak of the ways factions can destroy unity like in Federalist number 10 and mentions how the greatest cause for factions is indeed class diffrences which leads to diffrent interests and parties. Parties in this case Federalists and anti federalists worry more about beating the other and their own needs than the common good of the whole. Its governments job to tair down factions and protect diffrent views.

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    2. You are very correct however, I think Thomas Jefferson was the one who opposed the monopoly like ideals of Alexander Hamilton. Remember in the Farewell address Hamilton was all about factories and industry which greatly opposed the south only benefiting the north. This is exactly the kind of thing that separated the north and south.

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    3. Political parties did in-fact separate the great nation for many reasons but we all know money would be a prime adversary. Around the start of the Market revolution in 1793 many new inventions brought about booming industry and infrastructure on both sides of the economy. Between the steam boat, cotton gin, railroads, and even the great canal. These inventions further developed the economy that in turn separated the north and south. On a political scale this meant that the ideals for either industry would clash greatly causing much separation. Why even debates over slavery ,due do how vital is was on the industry, would cause huge political downturn and civil dispute. The fact that this had to do with how people made there money there was no coming to a solution which in the end lead to war but that is off subject.

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    4. Great response, Elizabeth. I agree with your opinion on Jackson's view of the First National Bank. In fact, Jackson refused to recharter the First National Bank because he believed it to be unconstitutional and against his personal beliefs. Consequently, this lead to a financial panic in 1837 because local banks began to fail and close without the direction of the First National Bank. Plus, they printed too much money, which led to inflation.

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    5. Oops! Sorry I could have sworn I had posted this as a comment I could re-post if you'd like though.

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  15. Spoils system clearly shows a type of faction working in government. In this case the political party who triumphs over the others gives government jobs to its supporters who contributed to the victory. What does this lead to? Having nothing but the same political party within the government, making it not only biased but not allowing government to work for the common good. How are the other people going to have a say if theyre not represented within the government. This only results in a unfair government and a tairing in the unity.

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    1. I agree with you Michelle. Great way of capturing the true damage the spoils system brought upon the nation. The government was affected as well as the common people.

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  16. The political parties during this time period wanted to have their ways and have more of a superior power so contribution was not seen in many cases. Although many situations ended in compromise, the unity did get stronger if not weaker. Many of these just cause more tension and competition for them. We can look at the Louisiana Purchase for an example. When deciding on whether adding the Louisiana territory or not, the Federalists were against it. More territory would mean more state in the South which would lead to less power for the federalists through their eyes. The new territory would boost Democratic-Republic representation for Congress. In the end, the territory was added as the final decision and the parties dealt with the results as some benefited and others stayed with fears of being over powered by the other.

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    1. This gave more power to the Democratic- Republic party . Just after the alien and sedition acts had helped them win the 1800 elections.

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  17. Polictical parties between 1790 and 1890 did not cotribute national unity. Henry Clay's American System shows how the political parties couldn't unite or agree.Democratic-Republic opposed the high tariffs and belived that tariffis wouldn't benifit. While Federalist thought that tariffis would be a very good benifit to help the Untited States. In all, Henry Clay's American System created a division in congress.

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    1. I agree with you but also don't forget the union's who split cause of this

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  18. The emergence of political parties created polarity between nations. Political parties were viewed negatively. In the Federalist#10, Madison warns of the problems created by factions, calling them mischievous and warning of the effects of having a faction capable of controlling government. therefore political parties did nothing to unify them. The simply split the nations.

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  19. Political parties did not really contribute to the development of unity in the US. An example could be the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions. The Democratic-Republicans believed that the states should have the right to declare if any laws are unconstitutional. The Federalists argued are that it should be the Federal Government's job to declare if a law is unconstitutional. This cause a split between the population, which is not what unity is about.

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    1. You're definitely right. Most people were concerned with their own regions instead of thinking on a national scale, and that caused an even greater rift between political parties.

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    2. I agree Political parties did the opposite of uniting the nation. It only caused more controversy among us.

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  20. In my opinion I think that political parties in the U.S between 1790 and 1840 actually hindered the unity of the country rather than helping it flourish. The reason why is because even though George Washington warned the people about the damaging effects that political parties would bring to the nation, they still went ahead and picked the side that contributed to their selfish ideas. More specifically something that greatly hindered the unity of the country was the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798, who President John Adams of the Federalists Party signed during an undeclared naval war with France . These laws raised the residency requirements for citizenship from 5 to 14 years, and authorized the President to deport aliens; they also made it a crime to print or say anything bad about the government. These laws were designed to silence and weaken the Democratic-Republican Party since they had supported the French. The problem reached new heights that the unity was severely affected when some threaten to secede from the nation. Negative reaction to the Alien and Sedition Acts helped contribute to the Democratic-Republican victory in the 1800 elections. The solution to Alien and Sedition Acts were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions who Thomas Jefferson and James Madison wrote.

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  21. Political parties might have actually started causing tears among the nation. Everyone party wanted to be heard and they all wanted to be right. Washington warned the country about starting different political parties. The main thing the parties helped contribute were factions. Factions wouldn't help unify the nation. Pride and ego had to be set aside before there could be talk about a better nation.

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    1. I agree with you simon. The only thing Political Parties started were Factions. Even though George washington and James Madison warned the country about factions and starting political parties, the country still had different opinions, different views, and different thoughts.

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  22. I think political parties had an effect on the country but not as much of a pro then it should've been. It united people to vote for a leader and at the time was Jackson for president. However, it also divided the country because of different interests. Once again factions that president washignton had warned us about were made. Because of the market revolution the nation split once again north & south. The north had already begun adapting to industrial while south opposed.. even though industrialization started in the south. (Cotton gin.)

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    1. this is true but what happened because of this? we know the difference between the north and south. you should explain more on why each side was more in the favor it supported such as north being industrial, it was a business side of the colonies and setting up the first national bank.

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    2. I agree with you Luis. Political parties did not help unify the country. People with common intrest gathered together and began to split the country up into factions. The north and south is a great example. Industrializing and slavery are key factors within their disagreements.

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  23. During this time political parties did not unite the United States. The development of factions caused a break in the countries united front. Both President Washington and Jackson warned us of this break in their farewell addresses, advising is to stay united.

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    1. Indeed! eventhough both washington and jackson both warned us about the dangers of factions, new parties were created. Unfortunetaly, everyone is selfish in a way and others are even power-hungry, therefore, the creation and increase of political parties in the US did not help our unity at all. Quick tip: make sure to explain and expand more on your opinion. For example, explain why were factions dangerous to our unity.. which would be differences in opinions would cause corruptions in our government, of course.. and expand from there :)

      Ana Mendoza

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  24. The American System greatly influence the development of national unity.Henry Clay suggested the American System to improve the national infrastructure of the U.S.. This system consisted of three parts was passed to protect industries instead of using them to gain revenue. This helped to stabilize the economy. Another part of improving the country was to build a system of canals and roads, which would increase productivity. Thanks to this American System, the country was unified more, they were unified to make this country a better living environment.

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  25. Political parties did have an affect on the countries unity. Some parties and the events that went on actually had a positive affect on the country however others didn't due to the different point of view on certain issues. In some cases, one political party was able to bring in more followers, for example, when the Louisiana Purchase (1803) came to a debate. The Federalist for instance were against the idea of territorial expansion because they believed it would lower the new England population & economy as opposed to the Democrats who were in favor of the expansion. This caused some division but after the purchase in 1803, it put an end to the Federalist party causing followers to join the Democrats which then led to the Era of Good Feelings.

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    1. I disagree i think it had an affect. I believe that the political parties really helped by making some of the rules they did, or doing some things they did. For example fixing the constitution to make it more for the people. But than again this is only my opinion.

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    2. I agree with you 100%. Since the country was divided into different groups how could there be unity.

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  26. Instead of uniting the states , political parties hindered the nation. The spoil system was an example of how much competition there was between each party . When Andrew Jackson took charge of his presidency he replaced his cabinet with his common-man friends . This hindered the government since these people were just common uneducated farmers who lack political knowledge and were now in charge of helping Jackson run the government.

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  27. The political parties had major affect on the development of nationl unity. Era of Good Feelings was an era in political history that caused a desire of unity after the Napoleonic wars. They wanted the nation to become more united and be a whole. They also said that factions, can corrupt the government. They did not want that because than it could split them apart. So yes the political parties had an impact on the development of national unity.

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  28. Political parties did not contribute to American unity. As a matter of fact, political parties lead to more division of the country. The existence of parties by design leads to polarization. The lack of compromise between factions freezes progress, even though the desire for unity by the general population. The American System aids with unity, but because of factions were far to separate it didn't allow any genuine harmony to happen.

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  29. I believe that political parties did not really contribute to the United States' unity. Political parties are based on different ideas and views over everything, so no one was ever going to agree completely. In my opinion, rivalry between political parties was beginning to weaken our unity.
    One example can be found in the economy itself. Federalists prefered industry over agriculture and were supported by merchants and bankers while democratic-republicans prefered agriculture over industry and were supported by planters/farmers. These preferences led to problems between the north and the south.

    Ana Mendoza

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    1. Agreed, Political Parties were going to be our governments demise. Parties would be formed and based on that individuals views or beliefs, and would then slowly grow and encourage other parties to rise and separate our unity.

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  30. Between 1790 and 1840, the division of society into political parties did not contribute to the development of national unity. In fact, it did just the opposite. Federalists began to be more focused on regionalism instead of on the nation's problems. During the French Revolution, the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans even disagreed with which side to support. The Louisiana Purchase further divided the country between those who supported the purchase and those who deemed it unconstitutional. So many people at the time had geographical interests rather than national ones, and this greatly hindered George Washington's goal of nationalism and stopped the progression of the era of good feelings.

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  31. The Federalists creatied a bank fed by investors and establishing a strong economic policy with strong trading ties with foreign nations. The Jeffersonian Democrats favored the farmers. Accordingly, the more upper-class New England merchants and aristocrats followed Hamilton whereas the low- and middle-class farmers and artisans of the South and followed Jefferson. Political sectionalism arose during this period after the split of these groups. The Democrats, adopted some of the Hamiltons views during the War of 1812. In doing so, they were able to distroy the Federalist Party, which became a mistake evident in the 1816 election of James Monroe.

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    1. I agree with you. But during the Certain date Jeffersonians would have been Jacksonians and The people that followed Hamilton would have been Democratic-Republicans

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  32. In my opinion, Political parties didn’t contribute much to the development of national unity in the United States between 1790 and 1840.I actually think that political parties hurt the development of national unity because they divided the country into two parts based on each others ideas and points of views.The debate of Federalists and Democratic-Republicans over the National Bank is a great example on how Political Parties didn't developed national unity. Federalists wanted a central bank while Democratic Republicans wanted to take control over their own money simply because they saw themselves more secure and didn't want to take risk on having their National Bank bankrupting. The central bank was later built by the United States Congress on FEB. 25, 1791.

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  33. Political parties had an affect on the unity of the country. They separated the country in two on opinions and different outlooks. The National Bank debate was a very good example of this due to the different opinions of two political parties. Where the antifederalists were against it, the federalists were for it. The outcome of the national bank is one that was very successful. The politcal parties split the country up.

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    1. Wasn't the bank liquified because the charter wasn't renewed

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    2. Political Parties also made our country in to federalists and anti federalists.George Washington warned about this.

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  34. Political parties did exactly what GW warned us they would do. The nation that was once founded on unity and common interest began to split into 2 or more groups. For example, the North and South had many disagreements. One of them being slavery. The more the North pushed its ideas into the south the further away the south became from the north. I believe Political parties did not help unify the country in any way. Differences among the common people and within the government drove a wall between the community.

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    1. Aside from regional interests such as the north or south, there was also the parties splitting the nation in two: the Federalist and Democratic- Republicans. The Democratic-Republicans can be seen in the south who seeked a less federal government and wanted more state control (to support slavery)

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  35. Political Parties was one of the major problems of our nation. George Washington warned the future leaders and civilians of this issue in his farewell address. Political parties and factions would end up dividing our nation and there would be no sense of unity.The country would soon be divided Birth and South which led to the civil war.

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  36. Political Parties were going to be the destruction and downfall of our country as stated by George Washington in his Farewell Address. He stated that Parties were going to disrupt our unity and slowly separate us from each other. He said that we couldn't let our own selfish desires/accords be greater than our strife and desire for unity, even though in most cases we would. He said that we were the foundation/structure/base of our government. Our government was formed and lead by us.

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  37. The Louisiana Purchase brought political unity to the mississipi valley. It ensured western expansion, important to economic life

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    1. The question was referring to the political parties hindering or supporting the unity of the nation. You could have put that the political parties supported of the unity of the nation thus causing it to expand.

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  38. Political Parties contribute to the development of national unity. The constitution granted a compromise to have two parties so it created a unity both. It gave "freedom of expression". Election had two candidates from different parties showing the people that everyone's vote and side had a purpose. Washington's Farewell Address suggested that people should stay away from factions. Since Washington was seen as a leader to the people, they followed his order. Later on the Era of Good Feeling came around, which was a period that brought people together. And they lived happily ever after until further notice.

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  39. Political Parties represented the different views and perceptions the now divided nation held.They contributed to unity amongst the nation.Well it is contradictory because eventhough it was a good event it was a major bad influence that george washington warned us about.

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    1. Just like Marlon said, "Political Parties ... now divided nation", showing us that instead of being unified, we are separated because of our various perceptions.

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    2. Yes Marlon it's like the political parties became two different nations because there had different ideas which basically separated them

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  40. Political parties served to disrupt national unity. In fact, Marbury V Madison is an example of this disunity, Marbury wanted to be appointed Justice of the peace in D.C. but because he was appointed by the former President, John Adams and were considered Federalists, the Jefferson and Madison set they would not allow Marbury to be appointed to Justice. This is a reflection of the conflict between both groups. Both wanted to aggravate the other. These conflicts would bring the nation further away from unity. Each party's efforts were to disrupt the plans of the other.

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    1. Though this was an account of political parties disagreeing, this was still a case heard by all. In the interest of political parties, those involved were doing what they were made to do, disagree because of separate ideals. However this case is known throughout history as well as during the time every citizen wanted information on it, creating national unity in interest of government and political affairs.

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  41. Political parties didn't do a good job uniting the nation. Sure the Era of Good Feelings there was a unity between factions then but that was short lived. The only other sense of unity was when the War of 1812 ended, but that was mainly from the thought that the U.S had won. There were more conflicts the parties had than unity, like the arguments about the National Bank and Andrew Jackson's Spoils System.

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    1. I agree that the Era of Good Feelings was short and factions were united for the small period before it ended.

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  42. In my opinion, political parties greatly hindered the unity of the nation. This is because each party had different views/ideas than the other. A good idea of the hinderance of the unity of the nation was the debate of the National Bank. Federalists and Democratic Republicans had different views on the legitimacy of the National Bank. Federalists wanted to create a central bank that could provide a secure depository for federal revenue. However, Democratic-Republicans wanted to have control over their money locally and feared that there would be corruption within the National Bank. Many people easily took sides on this debate and argued over what would be the better resolution, bank or no bank.

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    1. I agree because with the problem about the national bank was that people either trusted it or they belived their money would be stole by the government itself.

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  43. Political parties did not not bring unity to the United States. Topics such as Henry Clay's American System made the political parties bicker with one another. The system advocated a national bank, which the Jacksonian administration was completely against. So instead of working together to find a way to make the nation better, they fought against each other, splitting the unity in the nation

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  44. The first great divide in United States political history separated over the seminal question of Ratification of the new Constitution in the first place, product of the sweltering summer of 1787 Philadelphia, which replaced the unworkably weak Articles of Confederation.Federalists naturally supported the new charter, including notably BOTH northerners like Hamilton and Virginians, represented in the famed Papers by Madison, Father of the Constitution.

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    1. I agree with you, Elida. Especially when you mentioned the papers. But i believe you should have actually explained what paper and what it meant. For instance, Federalist Paper no. 10 constructs the problem of factions and how the country would split.

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  45. The Citizen Genet Affair contributed to the development of national unity in the United States. The reason why is because the Citizen Genet Affair declined public support from the French and increased connections from Britain to America. Genet's plans to attack Britain were in violation of the United States. National unity increased because if Genet was sent back to France, he would have been persecuted but Washington did not want that to happen so he decided to let Genet become a US citizen.

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  46. The political parties didn't do anything to develop national unity during the period of 1790-1840 but hindered them.During this period of time the political parties were doing everything there way. Basically all they did was argue about what they wanted things and that was not help at all.Which we talk about The era of good feeling,thishappened after the War of 1812,it was when James Monroe , defeated the last Federalist candidate in the election of 1816.All this ended the federalist party.

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  47. The political parties were divided Federalists and Democratic-Republicans because we were divided in two I believe it hurt our growth well our development because basically we were divided between south and north different thought were different which caused many conflicts between the parties

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    1. i understand what you are trying to say maria, the only real times the US is all united is either when we've had a victory or a great dissaster, other than that the different parties have been like a wall that seperates us.

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  48. Political Parties really did not contribute to the development of national unity. Political parties didn't unify the country. Our founding fathers argued that the US would be too large to govern as a democracy and they feared THESE "factions" would tear the country a part.

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    1. Agreed, the founding fathers were wondering hoe powerful the government would be if it was ruled under a democracy.

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  49. Political parties began to form during struggle over ratification of the federal Constitution of 1787. Friction increased as attention shifted from creation of a new federal government to the question of how powerful that federal government would be.

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  50. Political parties greatly contributed to national unity by giving citizens a choice and things to agree upon in getting involved in the government affairs and voting. By giving the choice of political parties, citizens had a choice in joining the group that best represented their needs.

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    1. This unified them and divided them but it helped because it kept the other party on its toes.

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  51. The political parties made a big impact on national unity because it separated different people when it came to choosing which side you were on. Also what you believed to be right and wrong and this was a big help when it came down to the war of 1812.

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  52. Political parties unified people by giving them common ground. It gave them a way to connect with each other. The Era of Good Feelings was a time of peace and prosperity and it gave the us a chance to grow.

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  53. Before the War of 1812, the United States was not able to unite under a common cause. Even though the reasons for entering the War of 1812 were not agreed upon by the American people, once the British Empire had invaded the colonies the American people responded to the emerging threat.Furthermore, the War of 1812 was the conclusion to the American Revolution. America finally was able to latch on to an identity of independence from Europe. Economically, politically, and militarily America was finally not just theoretically independent but practically independent from the British Empire.
    Finally, the War of 1812 gave America sources of pride, namely: far superior naval warships, superior naval tactics, great naval victories(Great Lakes, all of the "USS Constitution's" small engagements), great land victories (Fort McHenry and New Orleans), and emergent leaders (Madison and Andrew Jackson,covering the country with a sence unity.

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  54. Political Parties were negative effect towards the growth of National unity. With the coming forth of Political Parties, it brought many disputes between people. It made them separate into 2 different sides. A good example of this would be the conflict over the 2nd National bank which Jacksonians did not want. It tore the nation into sides which was what some of our founding fathers had warned us about

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  55. Political parties were seen as something that would hinder the nation from becoming completely united. There was a warning given by Washington to prevent factions from being started, yet Democratic-Republicans, Jacksonian Democrats, and other political parties were formed. This other wise known as factions did hinder the complete unity of the nation by dividing Americans into different sections. While having different views on the conflicts such as The War of 1812 there wasn't a full agreement to enter such a war, yet the parties couldn't prevent starting the war. This is why political parties were viewed as a thing to prevent and never start.

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  56. Political parties to my understanding prevented the full unification of the nation and caused some conflicts with in the U.S. One thing that wasn't hindered completely by parties was the Market Revolution which still prospered though the presence of political parties. Innovations that began because of the problems that were seen by those that saw improvements in their lives. Though there were many things that were improved political parties didn't hinder the unification of the nation

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